اللغة الإنجليزية فصل أول

LESSON 3A GRAMMAR

♦ QUANTITY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

 

► Countable nouns:

Refer to things that can be counted. They have singular and plural forms.

Example: 

► Uncountable nouns:

Refer to things that can’t be counted. They are only singular forms.

♦ Expressions of quantity

much
many
a few
a little

a lot of / lots of

 

The difference between Many & Much 

Much with uncountable nouns مع الاسماء الغير معدودة 
Use much with singular nouns. مع الاسماء المفردة 

How much homework do we get? How much money do I need? How much milk do you want? Is there much sugar in my tea?

 

The different between Many & Much 

Many with countable nouns.
Use many with plurals.

How many sisters does he have? How many pupils are in this class? How many books do you buy? How many cows live on this farm?

Much and many are used in questions and negatives.

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♦ few or (a) little - expressions of quantity

A few  few is used with plurals: a few pounds, a few trees a few boys, a few girls, a few stones, a few cars. Examples: a few     There are just a few examples.     I meet a few friends.     I see a few hundred pupils.     I've got few brothers

a little little is used with singular nouns (uncountable) nouns: a little water, a little milk, littles and, a little air. Examples: a little      There is little milk left.      Not a lot, only a little rice .     I've got little money.

 

♦ A lot of/lots of

A lot of and lots of can both be used with plural countable nouns and with singular uncountable nouns for affirmatives, negatives, and questions.

a lot of and lots of have the same meaning: they both mean a large amount or number of people or things

Example:  1- with countable noun  A lot of people went to the gym. Lots of people went to the gym. 2- with uncountable noun  A lot of snow falls in winter. Lots of snow falls in winter.

SOME / ANY + plural countable nouns & uncountable nouns 

Some is generally used in positive sentence.	Any is generally used in negative sentence.
Some is not generally used in question.	Any is used in question.
Some can be used anywhere in a sentence.	Any can’t be used at the beginning of a sentence.

 

Questions

• In questions we use a/an, any or how many with countable nouns.

Is there an email address to write to?

Are there any chairs?

How many chairs are there?

• And we use any or how much with uncountable nouns.

Is there any sugar?

How much orange juice is there?

 

But when we are offering something or asking for something, we normally use some.

- Do you want some chocolate?

- Can we have some more chairs, please?

- We also use some in a question when we think the answer will be 'yes'.

- Have you got some new glasses?

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