اللغة الإنجليزية فصل أول

Word	Meaning
Foundation	An organization that supports important causes; here, it’s the Ellen MacArthur Foundation working to reduce plastic pollution.
Tonne	A unit of weight equal to 1,000 kilograms
Piece	A small part of something; in this case, pieces of plastic that can harm fish and other sea animals.
Business	A company that sells products or services. The text says businesses should help stop plastic pollution.
Government	A group of people who make laws and decisions for a country. The text says governments need to help protect the oceans.
End- up	To finally be in a certain place or situation. Here, it means plastic should not end up in the ocean as trash.

 

To understand the main idea of a report, read the title and the first paragraph. Also, look at the diagrams because they can help you to understand the information in the text quickly.

Plastic pollution in the sea

A report by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation has shown that by 2050, there will be more plastic in the sea than fish! This will cause a lot of problems for the whole planet.

Firstly, the report showed that we are making twenty times more plastic than we were making 50 years ago. However, only 5% of these plastics are recycled, so this means that a lot is thrown away. Secondly, the report said that every year 8 million tonnes of plastic pollution goes into the ocean. This is the same as putting one rubbish lorry of plastic into the ocean every minute. Small pieces of plastic can kill fish and larger pieces of plastic are dangerous for turtles and seals.

This report is important because it shows how serious the plastic problem is. It told businesses and governments to work together to protect the oceans. It said that in the future they should only use plastics that can be recycled and it said that plastic should never end up in the sea as rubbish.

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Graph to show how much plastic we make

1- What does the report by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation predict will happen by 2050?

A) There will be fewer fish in the ocean.
B) There will be more plastic in the ocean than fish.
C) Plastic pollution will stop increasing.
D) The amount of plastic in the ocean will remain the same.

2- How much more plastic are we making compared to 50 years ago?

A) Ten times more.
B) Twenty times more.
C) Fifty times more.
D) One hundred times more.

3- What percentage of plastic is recycled?

A) 50%
B) 25%
C) 5%
D) 75%

4- What happens to small pieces of plastic in the ocean?

A) They help marine life grow.
B) They can kill fish.
C) They disappear quickly.
D) They float above the water.

5- What does the report suggest businesses and governments should do?

A) Make more plastic products.
B) Work together to protect the oceans.
C) Stop using plastics completely.
D) Ignore the issue of plastic pollution.
 

How do the diagrams help us to understand the text?

Diagrams

Visualizing Data Diagrams, such as bar charts or pie graphs, can show the rise in plastic production over the past 50 years or the percentage of plastic that gets recycled. This can make the statistics clearer and more impactful.

 

Comparing Numbers A diagram could compare the amount of plastic in the ocean with the number of fish, helping to emphasize the severity of the situation described in the report.

 

Illustrating Processes Diagrams can explain how plastic ends up in the ocean, such as showing the journey of plastic waste from land to sea, helping readers understand the flow of pollution.

 

Making Complex Ideas Simpler Diagrams like infographics or flowcharts can break down complex ideas—like how small plastic pieces harm marine life—into simple, easy-to-understand visuals.

 

Highlighting Key Points A diagram could emphasize the most important points of the report, such as the need for businesses and governments to act, and show how they can help reduce pollution.