The Final assessment

In the last thousand years, science has made much progress. In the past, Arab scientists like Abbas Ibn Firnas and Al Zahrawi made several important discoveries. These great people of the past had a huge influence on different fields of human knowledge. Their work has changed our daily lives today. Nowadays, science is an international subject. In 1901 CE, a Swedish scientist called Alfred Nobel founded the Nobel Prize. Since then, there have been six Nobel Prizes every year. They are for Medicine, Physics, Chemistry, Economic Sciences, Literature and Peace. Since 1901 CE, there have been more than 700 Nobel Prize winners.

Who founded the Nobel Prize? When?

The sound of the a in the word ARE is not pronounced as in the word:........................

Complete the sentence with the Present Continuous form of the verb in brackets.

What book .................... you ..................... (read) at the moment?

What annoying things is Salwa always doing? Write a sentence.

Salwa / eat sweets.

Since 2005 CE, different Nobel winners from all over the world have attended The Petra Conference of Nobel Laureates. Every year, His Majesty King Abdullah II Ibn Al Hussein hosts this important event in Petra – a city that is considered as one of the world's wonders, and which has become a symbol of ancient civilisations.

THIS refers to ..................

.................... means to do or prepare something, such as a research.

Name the scientist in the picture.

What do you know about Alfred Nobel and the Nobel Prizes? Read an interview with a student about Alfred Nobel and complete the table. Write complete sentences.

Interviewer: Tareq, what are you studying in history at the moment?

Tareq: We are doing a project on the Nobel Prizes. Our teacher always says that they are the highest awards anyone can receive. I’m researching Alfred Nobel himself, who set up the prizes.

Interviewer: So, what can you tell me about him?

Tareq: He was born in Sweden in 1833 CE. His father was an engineer. Alfred first studied Chemistry at university in France and the USA, but then came back to Sweden in 1859 CE. He set up a laboratory with his brother, Emil, and they worked on producing a safe and a useful kind of an explosive. In one of their experiments, an explosive killed Emil Nobel, but Alfred continued in his experiments and in 1867 CE he invented a much safer explosive, which he called dynamite. He was very wealthy and when he died in 1896 CE he left over $9 million for annual prizes in five fields: Literature, Physics, Chemistry, Medicine and Peace.

Interviewer: So there are five Nobel Prizes each year?

Tareq: Actually in 1969 CE they added a prize for Economic Sciences.

Interviewer: So which Nobel Prize are you hoping to get one day?

Tareq: I’d like to be a scientist and do research. Perhaps I’ll win a prize in Science one day.

In 2005 CE, His Majesty King Abdullah II Ibn Al Hussein started an important event. In Petra, Jordan, every year, many people who had won Nobel Prizes that year were invited to take part in a conference to talk about and try to solve the world’s problems. Prize winners in all six disciplines were invited. His Majesty King Abdullah wanted to have the yearly event in Petra because of the city’s history. The environment of Petra presented problems for the Nabatean people when they wanted to build a city. However, the people succeeded, and now the city has many visitors from all over the world.

Why did His Majesty King Abdullah want to have the yearly event in Petra?

The opposite meaning of courage is..........

Einstein made a ....................about how light is transmitted before he did an experiment to test it.

Order the events.

a He writes a report.

b He observes the results.

c Then, he carries out experiments to test the hypothesis.

d The scientist decides what to investigate. 

e He might change his hypothesis.

f He creates a hypothesis.

Match the verb and the noun to make a phrase.

choose

Physicists have shown us that light travels faster than sound. It is the fastest thing we know. Biologists explain that when we do exercise, the cells in our body need more oxygen. Chemists have found that oil and coal come from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago.

What do biologists explain?

Complete the  sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

............. you ............ (plan) on applying to the Jordan University of Science and Technology?

Interviewer: Professor Allen. Can you tell us what scientists do?

Professor: Scientists study the world around us-from the tint micro-organisms that live on Earth to distant unknown planets.

Interviewer: Which area of science do you think is the most important one today?

Professor: I’m an environmental scientist, so of course I think that environmental science is the most important! Today, there are a lot of environmental problems in the world, and scientists are trying to solve them. At the moment, I am working with some tiny green plants, which don’t produce flowers when they grow. They live in rivers and in the sea and they grow in sunlight. We are carrying out experiments to grow huge numbers of these tiny plants in water. They are very important, because when they grow, they react to sunlight and produce a liquid. We think that cars can use this liquid in the future.

Interviewer: I see now why so many people think that science is very exciting.

Read the interview. Is the sentence true or false? Correct the sentence that is false.

Environmental scientists are trying to solve environmental problems.

Complete the sentence using the correct noun. 

I love studying and reading about different kinds of rocks and stones. I want to be a(n) ......................

Ibn Al Haitham was a brilliant scientist who wrote many papers on Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics. He was born in the year 965 CE and died in 1039 CE. He carried out experiments with light, and the results of which were written down and became his famous book, the Book of Optics. The science we now know as ‘optics’ was born. Ancient Greek scholars had tried to explain how human beings see, but they had not done any experiments to prove their hypotheses. Ibn Al Haitham was able to prove for the first time in his experiments that people can see because light reflects off things around us and into the eye.

THEY refers to ......................

Jordan has some of the best universities in the Middle East, both public and private. In the last two decades, and during the reign of His Majesty King Abdullah II, the sector of higher education in Jordan witnessed significant progress. His Majesty King Abdullah II had a vision to transform Jordan into a leading country in the global economy, and so he placed higher education within the priorities of the country.

Find a word from the text which means the things that you think are most important and that need attention before anything else.

Do you want to improve your study skills or write a book? Do you want to become a distinguished student? Surrounding yourself with the right colour might help! The question of the effect colour has on the brain has always amazed scientists. Many have witnessed that red makes people feel stronger and more powerful, specifically the deep red colour. In a study, researchers at a top university carried out tests on 600 people to see how well they used their skills. They were trying to test their hypothesis that the colour red or blue affects us in different ways. The findings showed that people could remember details better when they looked at images against a red background, for example, a computer screen. On the other hand, they were able to be more creative when the background colour was blue. The hypothesis is that red, which is connected with emergency and warning (fire engines, traffic lights, etc.), makes people feel more alert, and so they are able to pay attention to detail. Blue is a relaxing colour, which helps to bring out people’s creativity.

How does the colour blue affect us according to the text?