اللغة الإنجليزية 8 فصل ثاني

 

   
                                                              Lesson 1A Vocabulary and Grammar 

 

 

 

Before forming a sentence using comparative adjectives, you first need to know whether the adjective is short or long. This depends on the number of syllables in the word. Short adjectives usually have one syllable, and sometimes two syllables if the word ends in a certain way, such as fast, which has only one syllable. Long adjectives have
three or more syllables, like beautiful. Knowing the number of syllables helps determine the correct way to form the comparative or superlative, while keeping in mind some irregular adjectives that do not follow the general rules.


 

Comparative المقارنة

 

Usage

          We use comparative to compare between two people or two things.

 

 

 

Form

    
[Subject/Noun] + [be/verb] + [short adjective + -er / more +long adjective] + than + [object/noun]

 

   

Examples

1. Short adjectives (-er)

 

My car is faster than yours.
He is taller than his brother.

This bag is smaller than that one.

2. Long adjectives (more + adjective)

This movie is more interesting than the book.

3. Irregular adjectives

This test is better than the last one.

His score is worse than hers.

 

 

 

Superlative التفضيل

 

Usage

 

 

We use superlatives to show the highest or lowest degree of a quality among three or more things.
 

 

 

 

Form

 

[Subject/Noun] + [be/verb] + the + [Short adjective + -est / the most + long adjective]
 

 

 

Examples

 

 

 

 

 

1. Short adjectives (-est)

 

My car is the fastest.

 

2. Long adjectives (the most + adjective)

This movie is the most interesting.

3. Irregular adjectives

This test is the best.

His score is the worst.

 

Equals and unequal المساوة وعدم المساوة

 

 

Usage

1.We use as + adjective + as to show that two things are the same in quality.
2.We use not as + adjective + as to show that two things are different — the first one has less of that quality.
 

 

 

Form

 

1.Equal Form

[Subject/Noun] + [be/verb] + as + [adjective] + as + [noun/pronoun]

2.Unequal Form

[Subject/Noun] + [be/verb] + not as + [adjective] + as + [noun/pronoun]

 

Examples

The first rope is as long as the second one.

The hallway is not as long as the corridor upstairs.

Her handwriting is as bad as mine.

The weather today is not as bad as yesterday.

My English is as good as yours.

The second performance was not as good as the first.

 

 

WORD	MEANING IN ENGLISH	MEANING IN ARABIC	EXAMPLE
Film	Movies / cinema	الأفلام / السينما	Film is enjoyed by people all over the world.
Folk dance	Traditional cultural dance	الرقص الشعبي	Folk dance is performed at celebrations.
Literature	Written works like stories & poems	الأدب	Literature teaches us about history and culture.
Music	Art of sound	الموسيقى	Music can make people feel emotions.
Painting	Art using colors on a surface	الرسم	Painting helps people express creativity.
Photography	Art of taking photos	التصوير الفوتوغرافي	Photography captures beautiful moments.
Sculpture	Art of making figures or statues	النحت	Sculpture is often made from stone or clay.
Theatre	Acting performed live on stage	المسرح	Theatre shows are exciting to watch.
Actor/Actress	Performs in films or theatre	ممثل / ممثلة	The actor did a great job in the movie.
Scriptwriter	Writes scripts for films or plays	كاتب السيناريو	The scriptwriter wrote an interesting story.
Director	Controls film or play production	المخرج	The director guided the actors carefully.
Folk dancer	Performs traditional dances	راقص الفلكلور	The folk dancer wore traditional clothes.
Author	Writes books	مؤلف	The author published a new novel.
Writer	Writes articles, stories, or books	كاتب	The writer works for a magazine.
Poet	Writes poems	شاعر	The poet wrote a beautiful poem.
Composer	Writes music	مؤلف موسيقي	The composer created a lovely melody.
Musician	Plays a musical instrument	موسيقي	The musician played the piano wonderfully.
Painter	Paints pictures	رسّام	The painter worked on a colorful portrait.
Photographer	Takes photos	مصور	The photographer captured a perfect image.
Sculptor	Makes statues	نحّات	The sculptor carved a statue from stone.
Choreographer	Designs dance movements	مصمم رقص	The choreographer created new dance steps.