اللغة الإنجليزية 10 فصل ثاني

Lesson 3A: Grammar (Student's Book, page 51)

1. Look at the photo. What kind of salad is it? What are the ingredients? When do you think it was invented?

(Student's own answer)

 

2. 10.3 Listen to an interview with a food historian and check your ideas from Exercise 1.

Answer:
It is a Caesar salad. Its ingredients are romaine lettuce, Parmesan cheese, lemons, bread, olive oil, eggs and Worcestershire sauce. It was invented in 1924.

 

3. Complete the explanations of the sentences below with ‘It’s possible’ or ‘I’m sure’. Then study the Grammar box and Watch out! to check.

1. Julius Caesar can’t have prepared his own food. → I’m sure this isn’t true.

2. Caesar Cardini may have created the first version. → It’s possible this is true.

3. Caesar could have been the first to eat it. → It’s possible this is true.

4. His customers must have been really happy. → I’m sure this is true.

 

4. Use the correct modal verb in brackets to rewrite these sentences.

1. I’m sure a Roman chef invented the salad. (might/must)
   A Roman chef must have invented the salad.

2. I’m sure Caesar salad was served in ancient Rome. (can’t/must)
   Caesar salad must have been served in ancient Rome.

3. It’s possible that Alex Cardini added anchovies to the recipe. (might/must)
   Alex Cardini might have added anchovies to the recipe.

4. I’m sure Julius Caesar didn’t eat the modern Caesar salad. (can’t/must)
   Julius Caesar can’t have eaten the modern Caesar salad.

 

5. 10.4 Use can’t, must or might to rewrite the sentences. Listen to check.

1. I’m sure that was delicious.
   That must have been delicious.

2. I’m sure the waiters weren’t professionals.
   The waiters can’t have been professionals.

3. It’s possible it was her first day in the job.
   It might have been her first day in the job.

4. I’m sure they wanted us to be happy.
   They must have wanted us to be happy.

 

6. In pairs, make past deductions about these situations.

1. You made a cake but it doesn’t taste sweet.
   You can’t have used enough sugar. / You must have forgotten to add sugar.

2. You put a chocolate bar in the cupboard to eat later, but now it’s gone.
   Someone must have eaten it. / Your brother might have taken it.

3. It’s lunch time at school but you can’t find your lunch.
   You might have left it at home. / Someone could have taken it by mistake.

(Accept any logical deduction using must, might, may, could, can’t + have + past participle)

 

7. SPEAKING Tell a partner about a real or invented story about a meal that tasted bad. Then make deductions about what happened.

(Student's own answer)

 

Lesson 3B: Grammar (Workbook, page 39)

1. Choose the answer, a or b, which means the same as the first sentence.

1. She might have called the police. → b. It’s possible that she called the police.

2. The chef must have misread the recipe. → a. I’m certain that he did.

3. They may have been local people. → b. It’s possible that they were.

4. They could have known about the ingredients. → a. I think that might be true.

5. She can’t have closed the oven door properly. → a. From what I can see, that’s what happened.

 

2. Choose the correct verb forms to complete the sentences.

1. The chef made a mistake; the recipe must have been wrong.

2. The interviewers must have known that the candidate had a lot of experience.

3. Be careful – it’s hot! The chef might have left the oven on.

4. You must have been really pleased when you saw the decorated cake.

5. He could have been asking for advice, as there are several missed calls.

 

3. Use the prompts to write sentences about the past.

1. They / can / not / have / break / any glasses → They can’t have broken any glasses.

2. She / might / know / the candidate → She might have known the candidate.

3. The children / must / realise / the house was empty → The children must have realised the house was empty.

4. The interview / may / not / happen / at that time → The interview may not have happened at that time.

 

4. Complete the newspaper article with the modal verbs in brackets and the correct forms of the verbs from the box. (be, be, drop, look, lose, prepare, realise x2)

THE WORST COOKING DEMO
A female baker made so many mistakes during a live cooking demonstration that expert judges believed it could have been (could) her first time cooking!

First of all, she ² can’t have prepared (can’t) her ingredients in advance. Why? Because she spent the first 15 minutes finding everything she needed from her many bags, and then weighing things out on the scales.

And what was she supposed to be making? She was asked to come and demonstrate how to make the perfect loaf of crusty white bread. What ³ can’t have realised (can’t) is that she hadn’t remembered to turn the oven on, so when she finally put the bread mixture into the oven it was stone cold.

Eventually, the bread was ready. Suddenly, the audience laughed out loud. Why? She ⁴ must have dropped (must) her glasses into the bottom of the loaf tin before putting it in the oven. There they were – poking out of the side of the perfectly baked crusty white bread!

Oh well… I suppose it ⁵ could have been (could) much worse!

 

5. Can you think of a time you had a cooking disaster? What happened? Write a short paragraph.

(Student's own answer)