Module 6
Lesson 6 and 7
Student’s Book pages 68–70
Communication Workshop Writing a letter
Before you start
What are Al Idrissi’s major achievements? Read this article to find out.
Al Idrissi
Famous for his achievements in geography and exploration, Al Idrissi was born in 1100 in Sabtah, which is a city in North Africa. His noble ancestors come from Hassan Ibn Ali, who was the grandson of Prophet Mohammad, Peace Be upon Him. He received his education in Cordoba and Marrakesh and dedicated his life to doing research and studying geography.
Al Idrissi used his knowledge to make maps and write books like encyclopaedias about Africa, the Indian Ocean and the Far East. He spent many years working for the King of Sicily and made the best map of the world at that time. In his atlas, he used various codes and colours to indicate countries, geographical features and climates.
He strongly believed that the world was not flat, but spherical. Al Idrissi wrote about explorers from North Africa who sailed far and eventually reached an island. This helped Columbus in his journey westward when he was trying to reach India. Al Idrissi’s success is so important that his achievements are remembered even after centuries have passed.
1 Discuss the following questions with your partner and write notes:
● Why do you think the map Al Idrissi made was the best at that time?
● In your opinion, what is the most important achievement that Al Idrissi made? Explain.
● Why do you think Al Idrissi believed that the world is spherical?
Suggested answers
• Al Idrissi’s map was the best at that time because it had different codes and colours, which made navigation and exploration a lot easier.
• Students’ own answers
• Students’ own answers
2 Imagine you are Al Idrissi and you want to tell a friend about your achievements. Following the Writing Strategies, write them a letter explaining that you haven’t been in touch with them because you were busy. Use the letter on page 64 as a model. Then, edit the letter for clarity, coherence and format.
Writing Strategies: Structuring an informal letter
● For close friends and family, letters should always begin with ‘Dear ...,’ or ‘My dear ...,’.
● The start of the letter should refer to the last time you received a letter or saw the person you are writing to. We often ask about the person’s health, too.
● At the end of the letter, you can choose a greeting before writing your name; ‘Best wishes’, ‘Love from’, ‘From’ and ‘Kind regards’ are popular ways to end informal letters.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Language Development
1 Choose the correct alternative.
1. He’s been on holiday since/for three weeks.
2. How long have you played the piano? For/Since I was five.
3. The trip lasted for/since five days.
4. I’m starving. I haven’t had anything to eat since/for more than six hours.
5. I have learnt about different cultures for/since I came to this school.
6. It’s been a while for/since Amin last visited his hometown.
Answers
1. for;
2. Since;
3. for;
4. for;
5. since;
6. since
2 Complete the diary with the Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple form of the verbs in brackets.
Monday 16th April
We have been in Jordan for three days. We (1) _______ (see) and (2) _______ (do) so many interesting things here! On the day we (3) _______ (arrive), we (4) _______ (go) to the market in Madaba. It (5) _______ (be) an amazing experience – noisy, crowded and very colourful. Since we (6) _______ (get) here, we (7) _______ (visit) many historical and touristic places in Jordan, like Petra and Jerash.
3 Now listen to the diary and check your answers.
Audioscript
Monday 16th April We have been in Jordan for three days. We have seen and have done so many interesting things here! On the day we arrived, we went to the market in Madaba. It was an amazing experience – noisy, crowded and very colourful. Since we got here, we have visited many historical and touristic places in Jordan, like Petra and Jerash.
Answers 1. have seen; 2. have done; 3. arrived; 4. went; 5. was; 6. got; 7. have visited
4 Complete the sentences about your life using the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple.
1. I ... for many years.
2. When I was a child, ...
3. I have ... but I have never ...
4. Last summer I ...
5. I ... two days ago.
6. I ... since my last birthday
Answers
Students’ own answers
5 Put the following words in the most appropriate group.
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crew, vessel, port, rigging , expedition, explorer, pioneer, continent |
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Sailing |
Discovery |
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Answers
Sailing: crew, vessel, port, rigging
Discovery: expedition, explorer, pioneer, continent
What do you think? Read the quotation. Translate it into Arabic.
“Man cannot discover new oceans unless he has the courage to lose sight of the shore.”
André Gide
Students’ own answers
Crossword Puzzle
Read the clues and write the words in the puzzle.
Across
1. Someone who is very interested in a specifi c subject or activity
2. A place where ships load or unload
3. A long line or a series of signs left behind by someone or something
4. To mark a route or position on a map
5. One of the first people to explore or live in a new country or area
Down
6. A huge piece of land surrounded by sea
7. The activity of travelling in a small boat with sails
8. A situation that is characterised by sadness and deep pain
9. A long journey to an unfamiliar place, made for a specific purpose
Answers
Across
1. ENTHUSIAST
2. PORT
3. TRAIL
4. PLOT
5. PIONEER
Down
6. CONTINENT
7. SAILING
8. TRAGIC
9. EXPEDITION
Research box
What is the oldest active sailing ship in the world? How many times has it sailed round the world?
Answers
The oldest active sailing ship in the world is the Star of India. It dates from 1863 and still sails round the coast of San Diego, USA, once a year. In total, it has sailed round the world 21 times.
Module 6
Activity Book pages 50-54
Third section
Communication
Be a tourist guide
1 You are going to be a tourist guide. In groups, talk about the different touristic sites in Jordan. Make a list in your notebook of the words you need to talk about and that you don’t know in English.
1. Students’ own answers
2 First, choose a place of interest in your country to describe. Then, find information and write down notes about it. Include the following information:
a. The name and location of the place
b. Historical facts about it
c. Why it is of interest
d. A brief description
e. What you can see / do there
f. Opening times and prices if there are any
Students’ own answers
3 Use your notes to write a short description of your chosen place of interest.
Students’ own answers
Fourth section
Focus on writing
Punctuation:
1 Add commas, full stops and capital letters to this text.
the amman archaeological museum contains artefacts such as items used in daily life building materials jewellery and statues it also contains the copper scroll which is one of the dead sea scrolls it was discovered in 1946 on the qumran archaeological site in jordan after that archaeologists excavated the area including 11 caves at the site 972 scrolls were found in total two of which were made of copper later it was discovered that the two scrolls were in fact one whole scroll that had broken in two when it was being made it was very difficult to read it without destroying it but finally when it was opened those who read it discovered that it was a list of 64 places where tonnes of gold and silver were hidden unfortunately no one knows what happened to this gold and silver
Answer
The Amman Archaeological Museum contains artefacts such as items used in daily life, building materials, jewellery and statues. It also contains the Copper Scroll, which is one of the Dead Sea Scrolls. It was discovered in 1946 on the Qumran archaeological site in Jordan. After that, archaeologists excavated the area including 11 caves. At the site, 972 scrolls were found in total, two of which were made of copper. Later, it 113 was discovered that the two scrolls were in fact one whole scroll that had broken in two when it was being made. It was very difficult to read it without destroying it, but finally, when it was opened, those who read it discovered that it was a list of 64 places where tonnes of gold and silver were hidden. Unfortunately, no one knows what happened to this gold and silver.
Spelling
2 Write the figures below in letters.
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3,000 |
three thousand |
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4,500 |
four thousand |
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29,000 |
twenty-nine thousand |
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125,000 |
one hundred and twenty-five thousand |
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550,000 |
five hundred and fifty thousand |
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850,000 |
eight hundred and fifty thousand |
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1,000,000 |
one million |
Linking words: Conjunctions
3 Complete this letter using the linking words from the box to help you.
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Finally However but because As After also while First When |
25 Ramsay Rd,
Oxford AX3 2AS
15th September
Hi Fayruz,
I hope you’re fine. I haven’t written (1) ………… I’ve been very busy. I haven’t had a minute to rest since we arrived in Oxford.
(2) …………. , Mum and Dad had to find a home for us to live in. (3) ……………. , this didn’t take too long. (4) ……………. we were settled in our new home, Mum and Dad had to find a school for my brothers and me. (5) …………… they couldn’t take my little brother Jamal with them (6) ……………… they visited schools, I had to take care of him. (7) …………….. they found schools for all of us, we had to go shopping for all the school stuff. (8) ………………. , the first school day came. I was very nervous. New girls, new teachers and (9) ……………. new subjects, (10) …………… now everything’s fine.
Would you like to come to visit?
Love,
Nawal
1. because
2. First
3. However
4. After
5. As
6. while
7. When
8. Finally
9. also
10. but
4 In your notebook, write a short letter replying to Nawal. Use as many linking words from the box in exercise 3 as possible.
Students’ own answers
Module 6
Lesson 8
Student’s Book page 71
Project
Discover a country
Before you start
There are countries in the world where indigenous peoples lived for hundreds of years without contact with the rest of the world. Over time, European explorers began to ‘discover’ these places for themselves. Many Muslim scholars contributed to the discovery of new countries. Examples of ‘discovered’ countries include Australia, New Zealand, North America, Peru, Brazil and Papua New Guinea
Your task is … To ‘discover’ a country
A Your first assignment Carry out your research on your chosen country. Find answers to these questions:
• Who discovered your chosen country, and when?
• Did any people live there at the time?
• What was the country like? Did it have forests or deserts?
• Did the country have any treasures? If so, what happened to them?
• Was the discovery of this country important at the time? Why / Why not?
• What did the person who discovered the country do about it?
B Your second assignment Imagine you are the person who discovered your chosen country. Write about 2 paragraphs in your journal to say what happened to you there.
C Your third assignment Make an e-presentation to the class and discuss your chosen country with them.
What I have learnt, page 54
1 Correct the following sentences about yourself. (2 marks each)
1. You have lived in America since you were a small child. No, I haven’t. I’ve lived in Jordan since I was a small child.
2. You went to Greenland for a holiday last year. No, I didn’t. I went to Spain for a holiday last year.
3. You have bought some water today.
4. You read a good book two days ago.
5. You have spoken English for ten years.
6. You saw your grandparents last Saturday.
7. You have been at a sports camp since last week.
Example answers
3. No, I haven’t. I have bought some orange juice today.
4. No, I didn’t. I read a good book two weeks ago.
5. No, I haven’t. I have spoken English for nine years.
6. No, I didn’t. I saw my uncle last Saturday
7. No, I haven’t. I have been at a sports camp since last month.
2 Write situations that best describe each of the following feelings. (2 marks each)
1. terrified:
2. amazed:
3. excited:
4. fascinated:
5. frightened:
Example answers
1. terrified: I have jumped out of a plane; I can’t open my parachute.
2. amazed: When I went to the circus, I saw an elephant walking on two legs!
3. excited: Tomorrow is my best friend’s birthday!
4. fascinated: I just saw the most beautiful baby I have ever seen.
5. frightened: When my friends and I were on the rollercoaster, the electricity went off.
3 Complete the following sentences with for or since. (2 marks each)
1. I have lived in this town eight years.
2. I have been at school eight o’clock this morning.
3. Julie and Fatima have been friends six months.
4. He has practised surfing he was eleven.
5. We haven’t spoken to him we last saw you.
1. for 2. since 3. for 4. since 5. since