Unit 3
Lessons 2, 3 and 4
Student’s Book page 29, 30 and 31
Grammar: The Present, Past and Future Simple passives
5 Match the following sentences with the underlined sentences from the article. Then, choose another sentence from the article and change it into the passive form.
1 Rome, Italy, was host to the first Summer Paralympic Games in 1960 CE.
2 People will organise the Paralympic Games every four years.
3 People believed that they could help the ex-soldiers get well again, and give them more confidence by taking an active part in sport.
4 The Summer programme will certainly include more sports in future.
5 People hold the Summer and Winter Olympic Games regularly and millions of people around the world watch them on television.
Answers
1 c
2 d
3 b
4 e
5 a
Suggested sentence: The Summer programme now includes more sports than the first games ... Passive form: More sports than the first games are now included in the Summer programme.
Speaking
6 Work in pairs. Use the following guidelines to ask questions about the Paralympic Games and answer them in full sentences. Use the Past, Present and Future Simple passives. (Remember you will need to change the verbs into past participles too.)
1 What – the Paralympic Games – rank today (the second biggest sporting event in the world)
2 In 2012 CE – how many Jordanian athletes – involve in the Paralympic Games (12 Jordanian athletes)
3 How many medals – win by Jordanian athletes – 2004 Summer Paralympics (two)
4 Who – Jordan’s first Paralympic silver medal – win – by (Imad Gharbawi)
5 Where – the next Paralympic Games – hold (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
Answers
1 What are the Paralympic Games ranked today? Today, the Paralympic Games are ranked the second biggest sporting event in the world.
2 In 2012 CE, how many Jordanian athletes were involved in the Paralympic Games? In 2012 CE, 12 Jordanian athletes were involved in the Paralympic Games.
3 How many medals were won by Jordanian athletes in the 2004 Summer Paralympics? Two medals were won by Jordanian athletes in the 2004 Summer Paralympics.
4 Who was Jordan’s first Paralympic silver medal won by? Jordan’s first Paralympic silver medal was won by Imad Gharbawi.
5 Where will the next Summer Paralympic Games be held? The next Summer Paralympic Games will be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Writing
7 Work in pairs. Write three more sentences about the Paralympic Games using the Past, Present and Future Simple passives.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Research box
Which three colours make up the Paralympic symbol? What is the significance of these three colours?
Answer
The colours are red, blue and green. These are the three colours that are most widely used in national flags around the world.
Listening
1 Where and when do you think were the first ancient Olympic Games held? Discuss with a partner.
Answers Students’ own answers
2 Listen to the radio programme and check your answer to exercise
The Summer and Winter Olympic Games are events in which the world’s best athletes compete with one another. The (1)……………… Summer Olympics are the biggest and are held every (2)…………….. . At the Summer Olympics, there are competitions in more than (3)……………… different sports. Today’s Olympic Games are based on a competition that was invented in Ancient Greece (4)………….. years ago. These games were first held at (5)………….. in Greece. They lasted (6)……………. and were only attended by men. They included sports such as wrestling and chariot-racing. Jordan’s appearance in the 2012 Summer Olympic Games was its (7)……………….. Olympic participation, with its first appearance in (8)………………… . Since then, a growing number of talented Jordanian athletes have been encouraged to aim for international success. Dana Haidar is one of Jordan’s top-performing tae-kwondo athletes. Using her high profile, she has launched a campaign for children’s sport in schools. It encourages (9)………………… to take up sports and increase awareness of the importance of being healthy. Jordan is proud of its athletes and its growing athletic tradition. Today, more resources are devoted to increasing the size of the team, and Jordan’s athletes are inspired by the prospect of winning an Olympic medal to continue doing their best.
Audioscript
The Summer and Winter Olympic Games are events in which the world’s best athletes compete with one another. The Summer Olympics are the biggest and are held every four years. At the Summer Olympics, there are competitions in more than twenty different sports.
Today’s Olympic Games are based on a competition that was invented in Ancient Greece 2,500 years ago. These games were first held at Olympia in Greece. They lasted five days and were only attended by men. They included sports such as wrestling and chariotracing.
Jordan’s appearance in the 2012 Summer Olympic Games was its ninth Olympic participation, with its first appearance in 1980 CE. Since then, a growing number of talented Jordanian athletes have been encouraged to aim for international success. Dana Haidar is one of Jordan’s top-performing tae-kwondo athletes. Using her high profile, she has launched a campaign for children’s sport in schools. It encourages girls to take up sports and increase awareness of the importance of being healthy.
Jordan is proud of its athletes and its growing athletic tradition. Today, more resources are devoted to increasing the size of the team, and Jordan’s athletes are inspired by the prospect of winning an Olympic medal to continue doing their best.
Answer
Olympia in Ancient Greece 2,500 years ago
Listening strategies
1. Listening for detail
• Look at the words around the gaps.
• Think about what kind of word is needed.
• Listen and complete the missing information.
3 Listen again and complete the text of the radio programme.
Answers
1 Summer
2 four years
3 twenty
4 2,500
5 Olympia
6 five days
7 ninth
8 1980 CE
9 girls
Comprehension
4 Listen again and answer the following questions.
1 Where did the idea of the Olympic Games first come from?
2 What kind of sports did the ancient Olympics include?
3 How long has Jordan been a participant in the Olympic Games?
4 Describe what the Jordanian Olympic team’s goals are, in your own words.
5 Do you think it is important for athletes to campaign for sport in the community like Dana Haidar does? Why / Why not?
Answers
1 The idea of the Olympic Games first came from Ancient Greece.
2 The ancient Olympics included sports such as wrestling and chariot-racing.
3 since 1980 CE
4 Suggested answer: The Jordanian Olympic team’s goals are to recruit more athletes and win more medals for their country.
5 Suggested answer: I think that it is important for athletes and other privileged people in society to campaign for sports in schools and the community, so that more children and adults can get access to different sports, which might be able to change lives.
Vocabulary: Sports
5 Match the sports in the box with the photographs.
Answers
a rowing
b diving
c weightlifting
d fencing
e archery
f snowboarding
6 In which of the sports …
1 do you wear clothes to protect your face and body?
2 do you jump off a board?
3 do you sit in a boat?
4 do you lift heavy objects?
5 do you slide on snow using a board?
6 do you use a bow and arrows?
Answers
1 fencing
2 diving
3 rowing
4 weightlifting
5 snowboarding
6 archery
Pronunciation
7 Read these sentences to your partner. Look at the blue marks; what do you think is missing?
1 I’m ^ tired.
2 We had ^ a nice evening.
3 It was a ^ cold night last night.
4 The view from the top of the mountain was ^ spectacular.
Answers
Students’ own answers
8 Listen to the sentences. What is the difference in wording? What effect does this have on the meaning as well as tone of the sentence?
Audioscript
1 I’m so tired!
2 We had such a nice evening!
3 It was a really cold night last night!
4 The view from the top of the mountain was absolutely spectacular!
Answers
1 so
2 such
3 really
4 absolutely
The additional words give more emphasis to the meaning and express emotion.
Quotation
Read the quotation. Do you agree with it? Why / Why not? Translate the quotation into Arabic.
They can because they think they can.
Virgil, Roman poet (70 BC–19 BC)
يقدرون لأنهم يعتقدون أنهم يقدرون
Speaking
9 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions about sports. Use some words to emphasise your answer.
1 Have you ever tried any of the sports mentioned in exercise 5?
2 Which sports do you do regularly?
3 Which sports are completely new to you?
4 Which sports are team sports or individual events?
5 Which sports would you like to watch during the next Olympics? Why?
Answers
Students’ own answers
10 Imagine that you are organising a sports event at your school. Work in pairs and make a list of sports that you would like to offer. Discuss other issues that you might have to deal with, for example, safety, equipment, seating, refreshments, etc.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Unit 3
Lessons 2,3 and 4
Activity Book pages 21-22
GRAMMAR
2 Complete the following paragraph, which is written by a student, with the correct form of the verbs in the passive.
My classmates and I (1) ______________ (tell) to research some information about Paralympic athletes. I looked up Jordanian athletes who took part in the Paralympics, and I found out that 12 athletes from Jordan (2) ______________ (involve) in the 2012 Paralympic Games. What impressed me even more was that many medals (3) ______________ (give) to some of the Jordanian athletes. I think that the next Paralympic Games will be even greater, and more medals (4) ______________ (win) by Jordanian athletes because they are practising very hard.
3 The following sentences have a mistake in their verb form. Underline the verbs and rewrite the sentences in their correct form.
1 The first athletic event for disabled athletes is organised in 1948 CE.
2 The Winter Paralympic Games were first host by Sweden.
3 People with visual disabilities will now be included among the six categories of the Paralympics.
4 The next Paralympic Games are held four years from the last time they took place.
4 Write sentences in the passive for the following situations.
1 You are telling your friend that your teacher gave you homework for the weekend. I was given homework for the weekend (by my teacher).
2 You are asking your classmate if he finished the article for the school magazine.
3 You are announcing to your friends that the football team will celebrate their victory tomorrow.
4 You are stating to your classmates that our bodies need a big amount of water daily.
5 You are telling your parents that you and your classmates donated a small amount of money to the homeless.
Reading
5 Read the text below and then complete it with the words from the box. One word is not needed.
|
increase aerobic achieved relaxed take part cycling exercise warm-up |
Do you know how much (1) exercise is recommended for teenagers nowadays? Well, it’s quite surprising! According to the latest medical research, young people need to (2)……………. their heart rates for twenty minutes, at least three times a week. This will easily be (3)……………….. by most teenagers, especially if they walk to school every day and keep up a good pace. According to the experts, the best form of exercise is aerobic. Aerobic exercise includes sports such as running, (4)……………. and swimming. When we (5)…………… in aerobic exercise, we improve and develop our muscles and our bone strength. We also feel happier and more (6)…………. afterwards. The most important thing when you exercise is to avoid injury. If you start with a (7)………… exercise, such as stretching, to help blood flow to your limbs, end with a warming-down exercise like walking. The main thing to remember is this: if it hurts, stop.
6 Read the text again and choose the correct answer.
1 Teenagers need to exercise for
a 20 minutes, at least twice a week.
b 20 minutes, at least three times a week.
c 3 minutes, 20 times a week.
d 20 minutes, three times a week.
2 The best form of exercise is
a aerobic.
b warm-up.
c warming-down.
d stretching and walking.
3 Examples of aerobic exercise are
a stretching and cycling.
b walking and swimming.
c walking and stretching.
d running and swimming.
4 Aerobic exercise improves
a muscles and limbs.
b bone strength.
c muscle and bone strength.
d bone strength and limbs.
5 To avoid the risk of injury, you should
a start and end with special exercises.
b stretch.
c go for a walk.
d do a warm-down exercise.
7 Write the following sports and events in the correct list.
|
swimming stretching walking running cycling |
------ab 21
Writing
8 Write a paragraph about the sports that you do. Consider the following. Are they aerobic? Are they team or individual sports? Where and how often do you do them?
Page 20, exercise 2
1 were told
2 were involved
3 were given
4 will be won
Page 20, exercise 3
1 The first athletic event for disabled athletes was organised in 1948 CE.
2 The Winter Paralympic Games were first hosted by Sweden.
3 People with visual disabilities are now included among the six categories of the Paralympics.
4 The next Paralympic Games will be held four years from the last time they took place.
Page 20, exercise 4
1 I was given homework for the weekend (by my teacher).
2 Is the article for the school magazine finished?
3 The victory will be celebrated by the football team tomorrow.
4 A big amount of water is needed by our bodies daily.
5 A small amount of money was donated to the homeless by me and my classmates.
Page 21, exercise 5
1 exercise
2 increase
3 achieved
4 cycling
5 take part
6 relaxed
7 warm-up
Page 21, exercise 6
1 b
2 a
3 d
4 c
5 a
Page 21, exercise 7
Aerobic: swimming, running, cycling
Warm-up/down: stretching, walking
Page 21, exercise 8
Students’ own answers