Unit 4
Activity Book
Page 21, exercises 7
Derivations
| Noun suffixes | tion | sion | ment | ance | ence | ism | ity | ure | er | or | ist | ice | cy | ness | ship | hood | dom | age | ian |
| Adjective suffixes | ic | al | ive | able | ish | ous | ful | less | ed | ing | ry | ent | ant |
| Verb suffixes | en | ate | ize | ise | ify |
| Adverb suffix | ly |
1. Noun
Nouns come :
1. After a /an / the /some / any
The Middle East is famous for the .......................of olive oil.
(produce - productive - production)
Madaba has a .........................as a fascinating place to visit.
(reputation / reputational / reputationally)
They brought some ............ about him.
(inform / information / informed)
Have you got any ................?
( suggest / suggestion / suggested )
2. After prepositions (of, on, for, from, with, without, up, down, in, at, between, among, through, during, out, into, about, by, under, over, against)
Her tendency to be untidy has led to an element of .............................
( disorganize, disorganized, disorganization )
He joined us without ................
(hesitate, hesitation, hesitated)
The treaty is under ..................
( discuss, discussion, discussed)
3. After possessive pronouns his, her, my, its, our, your, their ( ‘s / s’ )
I will be going to university to continue my ............................
(education, educate, educational, educationally)
His ............ was not expected.
(react, reaction, reacted)
4. After the words ( this, that, these, those, little, a little, few, a few, some, many, much, most, other, another, any, enough, no, all, avoid, less, need, lack
I am really interested in that ........................ It was actually great.
(civilize, civilization, civilized)
Is there any.......................between them?
(differ, difference, different)
He showed no .................. in handling the situation.
(hesitate, hesitation, hesitative)
She has little ............. about him.
( inform, information, informed)
5. After adjectives
We were completely amazed by his fantastic …………………………..
(succeed, successful, success)
6. At the beginning of the sentence as a subject.
............... must be encouraged at all levels.
(Education – Educate – Educational )
............... is the mother of invention.
(Necessitate, Necessary, Necessarily, Necessity)
2. Adjective
Adjectives come:
1. Before nouns
She is a ........... lady.
(beauty, beautification, beautiful, beautifully)
It was a .............................. attempt to climb Mount Everest.
(succeed, successful, success)
3. After verb to Be (am, is, are, was, were, be,..)
Prices in some shops are not........................
(negotiate, negotiable, negotiation)
He is ............... . He can answer the question easily.
(intelligence, intelligent, intelligently)
3. After intensifiers when they are preceded with be: (very, so, as, quite, too, really, a bit, rather, absolutely)
He is so........................ Everybody believes what he says.
(reliability, reliable, rely)
She is very .......... . She can't make a decision.
(reluctance, reluctant, reluctantly)
She is not as .......... as her brother.
(succeed, success, successful, successfully)
4. After some words (seem, look, appear, feel, get, become, find, found, smell, taste, sound, more, less).
She looks ............ .
( excite, excited, excitedly)
It's essential not to become ..............
( dehydrate, dehydration, dehydrated)
3. Verbs
Verbs come :
1. After the subject
Teachers................ their students to take part in the lesson.
(stimulated, stimulation, stimulate)
They ........... their files in an appropriate way.
( organise, organisation, organised)
2. After (to)
Parents try to ......................... their children from danger as possible as they can.
(protection, protective, protect)
They tried to .............. themselves into groups.
(organise, organisation, organised)
3. After Modals(will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might, must, have to, has to, had to, ought to)
If you work hard, I’m sure you will ..................................
(success, successful, succeed)
You should ........... the project.
(expand, expansion, expanded)
4. After (had better, would rather)
You had better........................your time.
( organization, organize, organized)
5. After don't doesn't, didn't
They don't ............................ children against polio?
( immune, immunization, immunize)
We don't ................ strangers.
(invite, invitation, invited)
6. After the verbs ‘( let, make, help +object+v-inf)
I helped him ......................the problem.
(solve , solution , solvable )
4. Adverbs .
Adverbs come :
1. At the beginning of the sentence, before the comma.
.............., they eat Mansaf on wedding occasions.
( Tradition, traditional, traditionally)
2. To describe the verb.
He spoke ............
(confidence, confident, confidently)
She walked ..............
(pride, proud, proudly)
| Note: The order of the words if they come together is: |
Adverb - Adjective - Noun
They showed extremely positive attitudes.
Examples:
They showed .............. positive attitudes.
(extreme, extremity, extremely)
They showed extremely ............. attitudes.
( positive, positivity, positively)
They showed extremely positive ............
( attitudes, attitudinal, attitudinally)