اللغة الإنجليزية فصل ثاني

 Unit 7 

  Learning a foreign language  

 

It is said that speaking a foreign language improves the functionality of the brain by:

• Exercising the brain and improving memory.
• Presenting the brain with new challenges.

Learning new vocabulary and grammar rules provides the brain with useful exercise that improves the memory.

 

Some of the challenges that the brain is presented with when learning a new language are:

• recognising different language systems
• recognising new ways to communicate within these systems
• improving problem-solving tasks.

 Students who study foreign languages do better in general tests in Maths, reading and vocabulary than those who have only mastered their mother tongue.

According to the study mentioned in the text, multilingual people are able to:

• switch easily between two systems of speech, writing and structure.
• switch easily between completely different tasks.

An experiment was done requiring participants to operate a driving simulator while doing other tasks at the same time.

The results showed that multilingual people are less distracted by other tasks and so made fewer driving mistakes.

They say that language learning can improve decision-making skills because when you speak a foreign language, you are always weighing up differences in the meaning of a word or the way the statement is said.

Weighing up differences in languages can be used in other situations requiring judgment and decision-making.

The skills you get from learning a foreign language can make you a better speaker and writer in your own language.

Another advantage of learning a foreign language is improving one's ability in their mother tongue more effectively.

Knowing the way a language works helps you to apply it to the language you use every day.

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 Keywords 

Words	Meanings in English
Multilingual	speaking, reading or writing in more than two languages
Simulator	any device or system that simulates specific conditions or the characteristics of a real process or machine
Utterance	something that is said, such as a statement
Multitask	to do several things at the same time
Memory	someone’s ability to remember things, places and experiences
Mother tongue	The first and the main language that you learnt when you were a child

 

  Pronoun references   

Pronoun Reference
The pronoun	The line	The reference
which	5	beneficial exercise
These	9	unique challenges
these	11	different language systems
These	11	recognizing different language systems and ways to communicate within these systems
who	14	students
who	16	students
they	23	multilingual people
This	36	weighing up subtle differences in meaning of a word or the way that an utterance is made
which	38	other situations
it	52	the way that a language works

 

  Word-building  

Verb	Noun	Adjective	Adverb
experience	experience	experienced	------------------
dominate	dominance	dominant	dominantly
depend	dependence	dependent	dependently
repeat	repetition	repeated	repeatedly
correct	correction	correct	correctly