Vocabulary: Foods, drinks, and jobs—beef, eggs, bread, pasta, biscuits, milk, water, coffee, chocolate, ice cream, sushi, kefta, snack, energy biscuits, gymnast, cycle courier.

Countable Nouns: Can be counted (apple, sandwich, book); use singular/plural forms; ask with how many.

Uncountable Nouns: Cannot be counted individually (water, sugar, milk, information); use with how much.

Some / Any / No:

• Some: positive sentences, offers, requests → I have some apples.
• Any: questions & negatives → Do you have any books?
• No: strong negative in positive sentences → There are no chairs.