انجليزي متقدم 12 فصل ثاني

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Use of “Will” / معنى الاستخدام

English Example

1

Certainty / اليقين

We know Eric will be cooking when we arrive.

She will pass the exam because she studied a lot.

2

Deductions

 الاستنتاجات  التخمين

Don’t worry. They ’ll have been working late.

They will have got stuck in traffic.

They will be sitting in a traffic jam.

3

Typical behaviour /   السلوك المعتاد

Every afternoon my parents will spend at least 20 minutes discussing politics.

It’s five o’clock. Eliza and Brandon will be having their afternoon tea.

4

Typical behaviour that is Irritating

 السلوك المزعج المتكرر

He will leave his schoolbag on the floor after coming back from school.

5

Insistence الإصرار

She will scroll through photos when we’re together.

If he will come home late, what can he expect?

6

spontaneous decisions made at the moment of speaking

قرارات عفوية تتخذ في لحظة الحديث

Don’t worry, I ’ll help you do this assignment.

7

Predictions / Promises in the future:

 التنبؤات / الوعود

It will be a fantastic opportunity to finally meet the writer.

My dad will probably be fixing his bike.

By next month, my grandparents will have finished renovating their house.

8

Refusal (won’t) / الرفض

He won’t help his sister do her homework.

9

Presumption about the past / الافتراض عن الماضي

As you will have noticed, the report contains some factual mistakes.

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Use of “Would” / معنى الاستخدام

English Example

1

Conditional sentences / الجمل الشرطية

If I were you, I would join the choir.

If + past simple, s would v.1.

If +past perfect, s would have v.3

If we had known about the weather, we would have brought coats.

2

Reported speech / الكلام المنقول

Will-would + v.1

He promised he would come to see us.

3

Past predictions or promises / التنبؤات أو الوعود الماضية

It would be a fantastic opportunity to finally meet the writer.

Would + v.1

Would be v.ing

We knew Oliver would be cooking when we arrived.

Would have v.3

By the following month, my grandparents would have finished renovating their house.

4

Expressions:   التعبيرات                          would like, would prefer, would rather / would like, would prefer, would rather

We would like to order two pizzas.

would like to + infinitive / noun

I’d like to eat. / I’d like coffee.

I would prefer to stay at home this evening.

would prefer to + infinitive / noun / object + to + infinitive

I’d prefer to stay. / I’d prefer tea

I would prefer it if you didn’t work so much.

would rather bare infinitive / subject + past simple

I’d rather leave. / I'd rather you left.

She would rather stay at home this evening.

They would rather you didn’t work so much.

5

Assumptions / logical conclusions

الافتراضات /الاستنتاجات المنطقية

They would have been quite happy to see us.

(assumption)

In the past (would have v.3)

Stan would have left his family home to start working in the capital.

(Logical conclusion)

6

Willingness / Unwillingness / الرغبة / عدم الرغبة         

I will call you as soon as I have more news.

To express our willingness to do something, we use will and would.

The meaning is similar to

(don’t) want to.

Would you lend me your car, please?

We use won’t/wouldn’t to express unwillingness.

She won’t listen to me anymore.

He wouldn’t even eat dinner with us.

7

Softening / distancing a statement / تلطيف أو تخفيف الكلام

That would be your duty …( That is your duty)

Would + v.1

I would suppose that they’ll get married.             (I suppose that they’ll .)

soften or distance a statement, opinion or hope

تستخدم لتلطيف الكلام

I would think that my mum is pretty tired right now. (I think …)